{"audience":"only_subscribers","audience_before_archived":null,"canonical_url":"https://www.exponentialview.co/p/ev-608","default_comment_sort":null,"editor_v2":false,"exempt_from_archive_paywall":false,"free_unlock_required":true,"id":222795011,"podcast_art_url":null,"podcast_duration":null,"podcast_preview_upload_id":null,"podcast_upload_id":null,"podcast_url":null,"post_date":"2026-11-01T03:54:37.485Z","updated_at":"2026-11-01T04:54:38.556Z","publication_id":2252,"search_engine_description":null,"search_engine_title":null,"section_id":null,"should_send_free_preview":false,"show_guest_bios":true,"slug":"ev-608","social_title":"🔮 39 charts on Anthropic, one-person biotech firm & cheap solar #608","subtitle":"Your Sunday briefing on AI and exponential technologies","teaser_post_eligible":true,"title":"🔮 39 charts on Anthropic, one-person biotech firm & cheap solar #608","type":"newsletter","video_upload_id":null,"write_comment_permissions":"only_paid","meter_type":"metered","live_stream_id":null,"is_published":true,"restacks":9,"reactions":{"❤":71},"top_exclusions":[],"pins":[],"section_pins":[],"has_shareable_clips":false,"previous_post_slug":"microsoft-is-making-room-for-machines","next_post_slug":"political-ads-turn-against-data-centers","cover_image":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!P4L-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe3905153-810c-4dce-8dc2-d6ecd45a849e_2048x1475.png","cover_image_is_square":false,"cover_image_is_explicit":false,"videoUpload":null,"podcastFields":{"post_id":222795011,"podcast_episode_number":null,"podcast_season_number":null,"podcast_episode_type":null,"should_syndicate_to_other_feed":null,"syndicate_to_section_id":null,"hide_from_feed":false,"free_podcast_url":null,"free_podcast_duration":null,"preview_contains_ad":false,"was_imported_self_serve_sync":false,"draft_free_podcast_url":null,"draft_free_podcast_duration":null},"podcastUpload":null,"podcastPreviewUpload":null,"voiceover_upload_id":null,"voiceoverUpload":null,"has_voiceover":false,"description":"Bigger and smaller all at the same time","body_html":"<p>Hi all,</p><p>Welcome to the Sunday edition. This week:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Is Anthropic a real business? </strong><a href=\"https://www.investmentbrief.ai/p/anthropic-from-a-lab-to-a-real-business\">We dissected Anthropic’s IPO pitch in 39 charts</a>.  </p></li><li><p><strong>The new company: </strong>bigger, smaller, faster.</p></li><li><p><strong>Sunrise in America </strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Also: </strong>New materials, GLP-1s &amp; psychedelics++</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h5><strong><span data-color=\"#605be9\" style=\"color: rgb(96, 91, 233);\">NEW MEMBER PERK</span></strong></h5><div class=\"captioned-image-container\"><figure><a class=\"image-link image2 is-viewable-img\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.exponentialview.co/perks/5c88e76f-f87c-4940-8475-f18f59870f1d\" data-component-name=\"Image2ToDOM\"><div class=\"image2-inset\"><picture><source type=\"image/webp\" 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srcset=\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PTMp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b62e3f-2e49-4f0a-9d3a-331646333a5f_2316x1334.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PTMp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b62e3f-2e49-4f0a-9d3a-331646333a5f_2316x1334.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PTMp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b62e3f-2e49-4f0a-9d3a-331646333a5f_2316x1334.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PTMp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F57b62e3f-2e49-4f0a-9d3a-331646333a5f_2316x1334.png 1456w\" sizes=\"100vw\" fetchpriority=\"high\"></picture><div class=\"image-link-expand\"><div class=\"pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset\"><button tabindex=\"0\" type=\"button\" class=\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image buttonBase-GK1x3M\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke=\"var(--color-fg-primary)\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"icon-noB79L\"><g><path d=\"M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882\"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex=\"0\" type=\"button\" class=\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image buttonBase-GK1x3M\"><svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" class=\"lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2 icon-noB79L\"><polyline points=\"15 3 21 3 21 9\"></polyline><polyline points=\"9 21 3 21 3 15\"></polyline><line x1=\"21\" x2=\"14\" y1=\"3\" y2=\"10\"></line><line x1=\"3\" x2=\"10\" y1=\"21\" y2=\"14\"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>We’ve just launched a new perk for members: EV Charts, a living library of 500+ data-rich charts on AI, energy, geopolitics and more, each linked to the original Exponential View analysis.</p><p>If you’re not yet a member, upgrade anytime for full access.</p><p class=\"button-wrapper\" data-attrs=\"{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.exponentialview.co/perks/5c88e76f-f87c-4940-8475-f18f59870f1d&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Unlock our chart library&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}\" data-component-name=\"ButtonCreateButton\"><a class=\"button primary\" href=\"https://www.exponentialview.co/perks/5c88e76f-f87c-4940-8475-f18f59870f1d\"><span>Unlock our chart library</span></a></p><div><hr></div><h3><strong>The unbounded firm</strong></h3><p>Every firm has its boundary. Back in 1937, Ronald Coase argued that the limit is defined at the point when the cost to do a task in the market is lower than doing it inside the firm. Most inventions- the ledger, telegraphy, copy paper, the internet- cut internal and external costs, so the boundary can move in both directions. Now, <span class=\"mention-wrap\" data-attrs=\"{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Alex Imas&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:2322504,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:null,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!G1RF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e35f252-5880-40c4-befa-328e5bb562d1_4453x4453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;uuid&quot;:&quot;bf77843d-d1ad-44a5-9884-1995ea893eb9&quot;}\" data-component-name=\"MentionToDOM\"></span> and colleagues ask <a href=\"https://institute.deepmind.com/essays/the-economics-of-intelligence/\">what happens when we introduce AI agents in the mix.</a> </p><p>Unlike humans, AI agents could share the same reasoning patterns (the model weights) and the same working state. Nothing leaks in handoffs from one agent to the next (and nothing is angling for a promotion). This might give rise to “supercooperative firms”, where bigger becomes better at every scale, possibly leading to giant AI-run firms in deep, large markets. </p><div class=\"captioned-image-container\"><figure><a class=\"image-link image2 is-viewable-img\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFht!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45680a4-41f0-4642-976a-81506ff7f29c_2700x1680.png\" data-component-name=\"Image2ToDOM\"><div class=\"image2-inset\"><picture><source type=\"image/webp\" srcset=\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFht!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45680a4-41f0-4642-976a-81506ff7f29c_2700x1680.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFht!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45680a4-41f0-4642-976a-81506ff7f29c_2700x1680.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFht!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45680a4-41f0-4642-976a-81506ff7f29c_2700x1680.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFht!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45680a4-41f0-4642-976a-81506ff7f29c_2700x1680.png 1456w\" sizes=\"auto, 100vw\"><img src=\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFht!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45680a4-41f0-4642-976a-81506ff7f29c_2700x1680.png\" width=\"1456\" height=\"906\" data-attrs=\"{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b45680a4-41f0-4642-976a-81506ff7f29c_2700x1680.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:906,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Strength in numbers&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}\" class=\"sizing-normal\" alt=\"Strength in numbers\" title=\"Strength in numbers\" srcset=\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFht!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45680a4-41f0-4642-976a-81506ff7f29c_2700x1680.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFht!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45680a4-41f0-4642-976a-81506ff7f29c_2700x1680.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFht!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45680a4-41f0-4642-976a-81506ff7f29c_2700x1680.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tFht!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb45680a4-41f0-4642-976a-81506ff7f29c_2700x1680.png 1456w\" sizes=\"auto, 100vw\" loading=\"lazy\"></picture><div class=\"image-link-expand\"><div class=\"pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset\"><button tabindex=\"0\" type=\"button\" class=\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image buttonBase-GK1x3M\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke=\"var(--color-fg-primary)\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"icon-noB79L\"><g><path d=\"M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882\"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex=\"0\" type=\"button\" class=\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image buttonBase-GK1x3M\"><svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" class=\"lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2 icon-noB79L\"><polyline points=\"15 3 21 3 21 9\"></polyline><polyline points=\"9 21 3 21 3 15\"></polyline><line x1=\"21\" x2=\"14\" y1=\"3\" y2=\"10\"></line><line x1=\"3\" x2=\"10\" y1=\"21\" y2=\"14\"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Arguably, this trend is long underway, as <a href=\"https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.20220621\">Kwon and others point out</a>. The largest 1% of American firms held 97% of corporate assets in 2018.</p><div class=\"captioned-image-container\"><figure><a class=\"image-link image2 is-viewable-img\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!15E1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39f44497-526b-44a9-adb2-f0d5c3e7d2bd_2700x1860.png\" data-component-name=\"Image2ToDOM\"><div class=\"image2-inset\"><picture><source type=\"image/webp\" srcset=\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!15E1!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39f44497-526b-44a9-adb2-f0d5c3e7d2bd_2700x1860.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!15E1!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39f44497-526b-44a9-adb2-f0d5c3e7d2bd_2700x1860.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!15E1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39f44497-526b-44a9-adb2-f0d5c3e7d2bd_2700x1860.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!15E1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39f44497-526b-44a9-adb2-f0d5c3e7d2bd_2700x1860.png 1456w\" sizes=\"auto, 100vw\"><img src=\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!15E1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39f44497-526b-44a9-adb2-f0d5c3e7d2bd_2700x1860.png\" width=\"1456\" height=\"1003\" data-attrs=\"{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/39f44497-526b-44a9-adb2-f0d5c3e7d2bd_2700x1860.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1003,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Before agents, they might be giants&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Before agents, they might be giants&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}\" class=\"sizing-normal\" alt=\"Before agents, they might be giants\" title=\"Before agents, they might be giants\" srcset=\"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!15E1!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39f44497-526b-44a9-adb2-f0d5c3e7d2bd_2700x1860.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!15E1!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39f44497-526b-44a9-adb2-f0d5c3e7d2bd_2700x1860.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!15E1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39f44497-526b-44a9-adb2-f0d5c3e7d2bd_2700x1860.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!15E1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39f44497-526b-44a9-adb2-f0d5c3e7d2bd_2700x1860.png 1456w\" sizes=\"auto, 100vw\" loading=\"lazy\"></picture><div class=\"image-link-expand\"><div class=\"pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset\"><button tabindex=\"0\" type=\"button\" class=\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image buttonBase-GK1x3M\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" fill=\"none\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke=\"var(--color-fg-primary)\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" class=\"icon-noB79L\"><g><path d=\"M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882\"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex=\"0\" type=\"button\" class=\"pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image buttonBase-GK1x3M\"><svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" class=\"lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2 icon-noB79L\"><polyline points=\"15 3 21 3 21 9\"></polyline><polyline points=\"9 21 3 21 3 15\"></polyline><line x1=\"21\" x2=\"14\" y1=\"3\" y2=\"10\"></line><line x1=\"3\" x2=\"10\" y1=\"21\" y2=\"14\"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>AI might amplify this. AI-capable firms will be able to enter many markets, as Anthropic is in coding, bio, legal, and finance, and be able to scale horizontally past the traditional Coasian boundary. AI is a technology more likely than not to accentuate this trend. We might need new rules for dealing with such enormous entities.</p><p>See also: <em><a href=\"https://www.exponentialview.co/p/microsoft-is-making-room-for-machines\">Microsoft is making way for the machines</a> </em>where I explore what be behind the tech company’s massive voluntary exit program. </p><p class=\"button-wrapper\" data-attrs=\"{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.exponentialview.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}\" data-component-name=\"ButtonCreateButton\"><a class=\"button primary\" href=\"https://www.exponentialview.co/subscribe?\"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div><hr></div><h3><strong>The solo biotech</strong></h3>","has_dynamic_content":true,"truncated_body_text":"Hi all,","wordcount":1078,"post_preview_limit":1000,"language":"en","postTags":[{"id":"110cfd27-4aec-4f76-82dd-990d89d286fc","publication_id":2252,"name":"Sunday newsletter","slug":"sunday-exponential-view","hidden":false}],"postCountryBlocks":[],"disable_drop_cap":false,"cover_image_crop":null,"headlineTest":{"post_id":222795011,"starts_at":"2026-11-01T03:54:38.320Z","ended_at":"2026-11-01T04:54:38.482Z","planned_duration_ms":3600000,"test_cohort_percent":5,"test_cohort_emailed":true,"main_cohort_emailed":true,"created_at":"2026-10-31T12:22:45.895Z","updated_at":"2026-11-01T04:54:43.173Z","creator_id":710379,"ended_early":false,"winner_overridden":false},"coverImagePalette":{"Vibrant":{"rgb":[191,135,67],"population":63},"DarkVibrant":{"rgb":[12,20,29],"population":9},"LightVibrant":{"rgb":[234,213,154],"population":17},"Muted":{"rgb":[104,116,152],"population":25},"DarkMuted":{"rgb":[59,65,86],"population":391},"LightMuted":{"rgb":[202,192,176],"population":202}},"publishedBylines":[{"id":710379,"name":"Azeem Azhar","handle":"exponentialview","photo_url":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/09961c12-4209-4296-8a12-0762a41809a3_400x400.jpeg","bio":"AI and exponential technologies.","profile_set_up_at":"2021-04-23T07:47:57.119Z","reader_installed_at":"2022-08-15T17:16:58.456Z","publicationUsers":[{"id":208,"user_id":710379,"publication_id":2252,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":true,"publication":{"id":2252,"name":"Exponential View","subdomain":"exponentialview","custom_domain":"www.exponentialview.co","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"AI analysis worth reading","logo_url":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/46fc2cf0-7745-4c27-8875-94a97cb1fc9f_900x900.png","author_id":710379,"primary_user_id":710379,"theme_var_background_pop":"#ff0000","created_at":"2018-08-02T07:33:46.151Z","email_from_name":"Azeem Azhar, Exponential View","copyright":"EPIIPLUS1 Ltd","founding_plan_name":"Fan Club","community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"enabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}},{"id":11293297,"user_id":710379,"publication_id":10993965,"role":"admin","public":true,"is_primary":false,"publication":{"id":10993965,"name":"AI Investment Brief by Exponential View","subdomain":"aiinvestment","custom_domain":"www.investmentbrief.ai","custom_domain_optional":false,"hero_text":"Essential analysis of the AI cycle from the Exponential View research desk.","logo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b50215f3-8b01-45e8-9661-210afb365288_512x512.png","author_id":710379,"primary_user_id":null,"theme_var_background_pop":"#FF6719","created_at":"2026-09-09T16:44:01.439Z","email_from_name":"AI Investment Brief by Exponential View","copyright":"Azeem Azhar / EPIIPLUS1 Ltd","founding_plan_name":"Founding Member","community_enabled":true,"invite_only":false,"payments_state":"enabled","language":null,"explicit":false,"homepage_type":"newspaper","is_personal_mode":false,"logo_url_wide":null}}],"twitter_screen_name":"azeem","is_guest":false,"bestseller_tier":1000,"status":{"bestsellerTier":1000,"subscriberTier":10,"leaderboard":null,"vip":false,"badge":{"type":"bestseller","tier":1000},"subscriber":null}},{"id":117491,"name":"Marija Gavrilov","handle":"marijagavrilov","photo_url":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e5a5c2ab-df72-45bc-b433-8b9d6cd50a44_1124x844.jpeg","bio":"On Substack since 2018. 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